Hans-Leo
2007-04-01, 15:53
Measuring handwriting movements: www.neuroscriptsoftware.com
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
Volume 47 Issue 6 Page 390 - June 2005
To cite this article: Marina M Schoemaker PhD, Cees E J Ketelaars MD, Marion van Zonneveld MD, Ruud B Minderaa MD, Theo Mulder PhD (2005)
Deficits in motor control processes involved in production of graphic movements of children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 47 (6), 390–395.
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2005.tb01159.x
Prev Article Next Article
Original Article
Deficits in motor control processes involved in production of graphic movements of children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Marina M SchoemakerPhD, 1*1Associate Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen*Correspondence to first author at Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands. E-mail: m.m.schoemaker@ppsw.rug.nl, Cees E J KetelaarsMD, 22Child Psychiatrist, Marion van ZonneveldMD, Ruud B MinderaaMD, 33Professor of Child Psychiatry, University Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, Theo Mulder PhD44Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.1Associate Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen; 2Child Psychiatrist; 3Professor of Child Psychiatry, University Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen; 4Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
*Correspondence to first author at Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands. E-mail: m.m.schoemaker@ppsw.rug.nl
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether two distinct motor control processes, i.e. motor planning and parameter setting, were impaired in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). An experiment was designed in which children copied figures of increasing complexity under increasing accuracy levels on a digitizer. Sixteen children with ADHD (11 males, 5 females; mean age 8y 4mo, SD 1y 1mo) and 16 comparison children, without impairment, matched for age and sex participated. ADHD was diagnosed by a psychiatrist following the criteria of the DSM-V. Only children with IQ scores greater than 80 were included. Across all graphic tasks, children with ADHD made slower, inaccurate strokes with relatively high axial pen force compared with the comparison group. No evidence was found for a deficit in motor planning, but parameter setting appeared to be deficient as the ADHD group made less accurate strokes when accuracy demands increased.
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
Volume 47 Issue 6 Page 390 - June 2005
To cite this article: Marina M Schoemaker PhD, Cees E J Ketelaars MD, Marion van Zonneveld MD, Ruud B Minderaa MD, Theo Mulder PhD (2005)
Deficits in motor control processes involved in production of graphic movements of children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 47 (6), 390–395.
doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2005.tb01159.x
Prev Article Next Article
Original Article
Deficits in motor control processes involved in production of graphic movements of children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Marina M SchoemakerPhD, 1*1Associate Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen*Correspondence to first author at Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands. E-mail: m.m.schoemaker@ppsw.rug.nl, Cees E J KetelaarsMD, 22Child Psychiatrist, Marion van ZonneveldMD, Ruud B MinderaaMD, 33Professor of Child Psychiatry, University Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, Theo Mulder PhD44Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.1Associate Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen; 2Child Psychiatrist; 3Professor of Child Psychiatry, University Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen; 4Professor of Human Movement Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
*Correspondence to first author at Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands. E-mail: m.m.schoemaker@ppsw.rug.nl
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether two distinct motor control processes, i.e. motor planning and parameter setting, were impaired in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). An experiment was designed in which children copied figures of increasing complexity under increasing accuracy levels on a digitizer. Sixteen children with ADHD (11 males, 5 females; mean age 8y 4mo, SD 1y 1mo) and 16 comparison children, without impairment, matched for age and sex participated. ADHD was diagnosed by a psychiatrist following the criteria of the DSM-V. Only children with IQ scores greater than 80 were included. Across all graphic tasks, children with ADHD made slower, inaccurate strokes with relatively high axial pen force compared with the comparison group. No evidence was found for a deficit in motor planning, but parameter setting appeared to be deficient as the ADHD group made less accurate strokes when accuracy demands increased.